Most commonly used application methods:

Coatings
Coatings are applied on the surface of substrates to improve the functional properties and durability. Conventional coatings need extensive surface preparation for adhesion and need to build up thickness for performance. Such is not the case with APS' coating formulations. Most APS coatings can be applied in one step with no or minimal surface preparation. In addition, due to the chemistry of APS' chemical grafting process, thinner coatings can be used to achieve a higher degree of property performance. Delamination will not occur due to the chemical bond formed between the coating and the substrate with some subsurface penetration occuring through the use of molecularly small and lightweight monomers.

Typical coating methods can be used such as dip, spray, roll, flow coat, etc. APS coatings can be formulated to be air dried, however, in the interest of time, heat or some energy source (i.e., UV or infrared lights) can be used.

Additives
APS can develop additives to incorporate into the raw material/resin prior to extruding or molding. In this case, the new properties will penetrate the matrix of the material. APS chemists will adjust the formulation to conform to the processing parameters used by the manufacturer. Due to the molecular bond formed by APS' process, the new properties will not migrate and leach from the material over time, even under severe conditions.

Laminates
APS chemists have extensive experience in bonding the same or different substrates together. Materials that are difficult to adhere to are effectively bonded with APS' process. Again, no or minimal surface preparation is needed and the end result is a chemical attachment of one substrate to the other. Consequently, substrate failure will occur before adhesion failure. In addition, if two substrates with different coefficients of thermal expansion are bonded, an APS developed adhesive's bonding action will not be affected. Such is not the case with conventional adhesives which cannot withstand the varying expansion and contraction of different substrates.

Application of all APS chemical grafting formulations can applied at ambient temperatures and normal atmospheric conditions.